ISSN(Print): 2709-6254 | ISSN(Online) : 2709-6262 | ISSN-L : 2709-6254

Title

Fall of Kabul: A Critical Analysis of The Failure of the American’s Liberal Norms


Authors

  1. Fazal Elahi Bilal
    Ph. D. Scholar (International Relations), School of Integrated Social Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
  2. Muhammad Akif Rashid
    Ph. D. Scholar (International Relations), School of Integrated Social Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
  3. Rashida Abbas
    Ph. D. Scholar (International Relations), School of Integrated Social Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan

Abstract

The objective of the study is to examine the degree of failure factors of the phenomena of American Liberal norms in Afghanistan. Under the backdrop of the Doha agreement on 15 August 2021, the fall of Kabul accrued, Taliban entered Kabul without confrontation from the Afghan military forces. A qualitative method for in-depth analysis was employed, using questionnaire technique. America spending almost a trillion dollars, two decades presence with more than seven lac allied military forces, failed to cultivate liberal values in afghan society. This study concludes that neither liberal norms/ values nor did the democratic process take roots because, values were superficial, creating synthetic, and engineered civil society. Hence, the Free Market economy neither has benefits for the grass root level nor provides sustainable development. This study recommends that Liberal norms should always be introduced in its true sense, keeping in view of the native culture, traditions as well as its compatibility.

Page Numers

1139-1148

Keywords

Culture, Ideology, Peace, Tribal Society, Values

Article

Article # 101
Volume # 3
Issue # 2

DOI info

DOI Number: 10.47205/jdss.2022(3-II)101
DOI Link: http://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2022(3-II)101

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